Wireless Protocol Guide

Energy-harvesting wireless protocol. Sensors powered by light, motion, or temperature differentials — no batteries required.

Sub-GHz mesh protocol for smart home. Low interference due to dedicated frequency band. Mandatory interoperability certification.

Long-range, low-power radio using chirp spread spectrum. Very robust at low data rates.

Ultra-narrowband LPWAN service with operator-managed network; tiny uplink messages.

Sub-GHz Wi-Fi variant designed for IoT. IP-native like standard Wi-Fi but optimized for long range, low power, and thousands of devices.

Narrowband IoT over cellular networks, optimized for low power and deep indoor coverage.

Mainstream 4G cellular standard with high-speed mobile broadband.

4G as a family of systems, mostly LTE, for all-IP high-speed mobile networking.

Low-bandwidth neighborhood mesh that extends device connectivity beyond home Wi-Fi using Amazon Echo and Ring devices as bridges.

Classic Wi-Fi band; good range, high interference (microwaves, BLE, Zigbee).

Low-power wireless standard for short bursts of data and beacons.

Low-power mesh networking standard for simple, reliable device-to-device links.

Managed flood mesh over BLE advertising. Publish-subscribe model with relay nodes for lighting, building, and industrial control.

Ultra-low-power 2.4 GHz protocol designed for sports and fitness sensors. Shared channels allow multiple devices with minimal overhead.

IPv6-native mesh protocol built on 802.15.4. Self-healing, no single point of failure. Foundation transport for Matter.

TDMA mesh protocol for industrial process automation. Deterministic latency and high reliability for oil/gas, chemical, and manufacturing.

Higher-frequency Wi-Fi with more channels and throughput; slightly less range than 2.4 GHz.

Extension of Wi-Fi 6 into 6 GHz with many clean channels for very high throughput.

Very wideband pulses for precise time-of-flight ranging and localization.

Next-generation cellular with low latency, high throughput, and dense device support.